NOUN

NOUN

A.     Defenition

            Noun is the things named in our environment , a noun is the name of person, place, thing or idea. Subject and object pronouns are included too . So, simply we know that everything around us are named as noun . The example is tree ,dictionary , blackboard , son , siantar , Japan , etc .

In sentences , it is generally positioned subject and object . It also includes gerund and present participle as noun equivalent which will be discussed later in this chapter . The use of noun in sentences are show in the following . The example is :

·         George and godzilla walked to Antonio’s to order a large pepperoni pizza.

(George is a person. Antonio’s is a place. Pizza is a thing. Godzilla likes to thing he’s a person, is as big as a place, but qualifies as another thing)

            B . Kinds of Noun

a.       Common Noun

It is the usual , familiar , or general things around us . While there  are  many different of nouns , common nouns are the least complex . They are simply words that name people , places , things , or ideas . But they are not the actual names of people , place or things .

The example :

·         People : mother , father , baby , child , toddler , teenager , grandmother , student , teacher , woman , man , etc .

·         Animals : lion , tiger , bear , dog , cat , bird , wolf , etc .

·         Things : table , truck , book , pencil , computer , boots , coat , etc .

·         Ideas : envy , love , hate , respect , patriotism , pride etc .

b.      Proper Noun

Proper noun is the special wod that we use for a person , place ,  organization , names of holiday , languages , historical events .

The example :

·         Places : city , state , country , continent , coffe , shop , restaurant , park , zoo .

·         Person : John , Mary , George , Dona , Isac , Sarah , Jane , Jin , Lisa .

·         Organization : Golkar , ASEAN , Demokrat Party ,

·         Names of Holiday : Summer , Christmas , Valentine , Thanksgiving

·         Languages : English , Mandarin , Nationalty : Dutch , Americans

·         Historical events : Wor War I , Indonesia Independence Day , etc .

c.       Absract Noun

Abstract means uncountable and unseen-able . Abstract noun means the names of things which can’t be seen , touched , but can be felt . A noun that is abstract is an aspect , concept , idea , experience , state of being , trait , quality , feeling , or other entity that cannot be experienced with the five senses .

The example :

·         Showing Human Qualities or Characteristics : beauty , bravery , brilliance , brutality , calm , elegance , envy , goodness , honesty , hope , jealousy , trust , weakness .

·         Showing Emotion / Feelings : anger , anxiety , delight , disappointment , friendship , happiness , joy , love , pain , power , sadness , strength , tiredness .

·         More examples of Abstract Nouns : ability , adventure , belief , comfort , culture , death , energy , dreams , failure , faith , freedom , idea , justie , knowledge .

·         Abstract noun in sentences  :

Ø  The education of child should be our number one priority .

Ø  Restoration of electric service is important after a natural disaster .

Ø  Music can change a mood or be a creative outlet .

Ø  Childhood memories are sources of great job .

d.      Collective Nouns

Collective means be in a group . Collective nouns mean the group of certain things , whether it is the group of persons , nations , students , animals , etc .

The example :

·         Audience , Company , Faculty , Group , Jury , Majority , Public , School , Society ,Team .

·         Collective noun in sentences :

Ø  Every afternoon the baseball team follows its coach out to the hot field for practice .

Ø  Today , Dr.Ribley’s class take its first 100 item exam .

Ø  The jury agrees that the state prosecutors did not provide enough evidence , so its verdict is not guilty

 C. Functions of Noun

a.       Noun as Subject of verb

The examples :

Ø  Mr.Ram leads the team

Ø  He is writing

Ø  The monkeys destroyed the garden

Ø  The children are playing joyfully

Ø  John works hard today

Ø  Mary comes

b.      Noun as Object of verb

 The examples :

Ø  I saw him in this office 

Ø  The girl returns from school

Ø  The meeting will be held at short notice

Ø  The children are shouting at the stray dogs

c.       Noun as Complement of verb

The examples :

Ø  They are my brother

Ø  Mr. Tom is a lecturer

Ø  She is a teacher

Ø  My son Jim becomes a police now

d.      Noun in the Possessive Case

The possessive case of a noun is used to show ownership or other close relationship.

The examples :

Ø  Jordan’s car

Ø  My sister’s house

Ø  The president’s friends

Ø  The university’s position

e.       Noun as Appositive

An appositive is a noun or a noun phrase that renames a noun that is right beside it

The examples :

Ø  The boy, who is the quickest, ran down the street.

Ø  The bookshelf, a modern piece of furniture, was move into the house first

Ø  The insect, a large and hairy creature, scared the children as they walked outside.

Ø  My brother, a human garbage disposal, consumed five cheeseburger in one sitting last night.

Ø  They couldn’t believe when the little boy stood up to john, the biggest bully in the whole school.

f.       Noun as Object of Preposition

Preposition are small words thast create a relationship between other word in a sentences by linking phrases to the rest of the sentences.

The noun that follow them are objects of the preposition.

The examples :

Ø  From the beginning of the storm, Dorothy was sure she would make it home.

Ø  For many in the class, math proved to be the most challenging subject.

Ø  Until sunrise, the SWAT team will hide in the marsh.

Ø  The fuzzy, red cat on the fence wanders among the houses

Ø  Theo gave a dollar to steven and me to go to the store.

D. GENDER

Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity, and femininity.

a.       Masculine

All males (and only males) are said to belong to th masculine gender.

Examples : man, boy, landlord, god, tiger, he, son ,brother, gentlemen.

b.      Feminine

All females (and only females) belong to this gender category.

Examples : girl, woman, goddess, landlady, she, hind, hen, doe, tigress, sister, widow, wife, daughter.

c.       Neuter

All nouns and pronouns to which maleness all femaleness doesn’t apply belong to this gender category.

Exampels : stones, table, gold, book, childhood, independence, intelligence, chairmanship, baby.

            E. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

            Uncountable nouns are for the things that we cannot count with numbers . they may be the names for abstract ideas or qualities or for physical objects that are too small or too amorphous to be counted . Uncountable nouns are used with  singular verb . They usually do not have a plural form .  

            Examples :

·         Music, art, love, happiness

·         Advice, information news

·         Furniture, luggage

·         Rice, sugar, butter, water

·         Electricity, gas, power

·         Money, currency